NUTRINVAT

Population ageing is a global phenomenon that requires a multidisciplinary approach to tackle age-related chronic diseases, such as osteoporosis, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative conditions. More than 50% of people over the age of 80 suffer from at least two chronic diseases, with a prevalence of physical and cognitive disabilities exceeding 65%. Sarcopenia, a progressive loss of muscle and bone mass, is common in older adults and increases the risk of frailty and disability. Obesity in old age, characterised by an increase in fat mass, is on the rise and has serious health consequences. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) combines sarcopenia and obesity, exacerbated by chronic inflammation and hormonal changes. Studies show that exercise and dietary interventions can improve body composition and muscle health. Furthermore, the gut microbiota, influenced by age and lifestyle, plays a significant role in metabolic and muscle health. Following a programme that includes a balanced diet and regular exercise can improve physical performance and body composition and positively alter the gut microbiota.